Place the 1/2 cup butter in a 9 x 9 square baking dish and place it in the preheated oven for 3-4 minutes until completely melted. Remove from the oven and set aside.
Add the 1 cup all-purpose flour, 1 cup granulated sugar, 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder, and 1/4 teaspoon salt to a medium bowl. Whisk to combine.
Pour the 1 cup buttermilk, 1 teaspoon vanilla extract, and 1 teaspoon lemon extract into the dry ingredients. Whisk just until combined.
Pour the batter evenly over the melted butter. DO NOT STIR.
Spoon the 21 ounce can lemon pie filling over the batter.
Place in the preheated oven and bake for 45-55 minutes until the edges of the cobbler are golden brown.
Let cool slightly before serving. Top with vanilla ice cream or whipped cream.
Notes
Lemon Pie Filling: You can use any flavor pie filling you want in this recipe as long as it's in a 21 ounce can. Storage: Store in the refrigerator covered with plastic wrap or in an airtight container for up to a week.